Cover crop

Definition

A cover crop is a crop grown mainly to protect and improve the soil rather than for harvest. It shields the surface from rain and wind, feeds soil life through roots and residues, and can reduce erosion and nutrient loss. Legume cover crops can add nitrogen, and deep-rooted species can open tight layers. Costs include seed, extra management and possible competition for water in dry climates, so results depend on choosing species and timing to suit the local season. See also: Soil organic matter, Erosion, Agroforestry, and the guide "Restoring and Protecting Soil: Practices and Honest Limits".